The fine line between economic efficiency and animal welfare in feedlots in Uruguay

Abstract

In Uruguay, the intensification of beef production has driven the growth of feedlot systems as a response to economic pressures and the demands of high-value markets. This article analyzes the tension between the economic efficiency of these systems and animal welfare. Through a literature review, the economic advantages are identified, such as higher profitability and a reduced slaughter age. Simultaneously, critical animal welfare challenges documented in Uruguay are exposed, including the lack of shade, excessive mud in pens, and a high incidence of metabolic disorders like ruminal acidosis, which is the leading cause of mortality. The analysis argues that economic efficiency and animal welfare are not opposing goals but are interdependent. Deficiencies in welfare, such as heat stress or management-related pathologies, negatively impact productivity and lead to direct economic losses. Therefore, the article concludes with a call to action for producers and technicians to consider improvements in infrastructure and management as a strategic investment that not only fulfills an ethical responsibility but also optimizes the sustainability and profitability of the business, thereby strengthening the brand image of Uruguayan beef.